For example, a child produces “yight” for “light” or “sowwy” for “sorry.” Phonological Processes Deaffricationĭeaffrication occurs when an affricate (e.g., /ch, dj/) is replaced with a fricative (e.g., /s, z, f, v, sh/). Gliding occurs when a liquid (/l/ or /r/) is replaced with a glide (/w/ or /y/), typically in the initial or medial position of a word or in a consonant blend. For example, a child produces “tock” for “sock,” “lub” for “love,” or “deans” for “jeans.” Phonological Processes Gliding Stopping occurs when a fricative (e.g., /s, z, f, v, sh/) or affricate (e.g., /ch, dj/) is replaced with a stop (e.g., /p, b, t, d/). For example, a child produces “tid” for “kid,” “date” for “gate,” or “seep” for “sheep.” Phonological Processes Stopping Phonological Processes Frontingįronting occurs when a sound in the back of the mouth (e.g., /k, g, sh/) is replaced with a sound made in the front of the mouth (e.g., /t, d, s/). For example, a child might produce “tate” for “take.” Because of the /t/ at the beginning of the word, they change the final /k/ to a /t/ as well. Phonological Processes AssimilationĪssimilation is when changes are made to a sound in a word because of a neighboring sound. These are some of the most common phonological processes that occur in the English language and are very common among preschoolers. Phonological Processes Examples What are the Phonological Processes? Additionally, it is perfect to use as a parent hand-out as well. Phonological Processes Development Chart Phonological ProcessĬlick here to download a free phonological processes pdf to print and have it ready to use whenever you may need a quick reference. “doddy” for “doggy” or “chichen” for “chicken” Phonological Processes Examples Phonological Process These patterns are typically sound or syllable deletions, sound substitutions, or additions. Phonological Processes Definition Phonological Processes DefinitionĪ phonological process disorder is a form of speech and language disorder in which there are predictable, rule-based errors that typically affect more than one sound. Problem is, with his cluster reduction, he deletes the /s/ and vocalizes the /t/… whoops! See the slight problem? Cluster reduction (deletion of one or more sounds in a blend) is just one example of phonological process. ![]() Therefore, stick is a pretty frequent, relevant word for him. No big deal, right? Well, my sweet hubby kindly asked if we could maybe work on these sounds the other based on one errored word in particular… The word is “stick.” Now remember, this is our wild, outdoor-loving, all-boy little boy. Those tricky /s/ blends are particularly difficult.īecause I know this, I can understand what he says 99% of the time and I can “translate” for him. For example, one pattern in his speech right now is – cluster reduction. But, that doesn’t mean his errors don’t cause some issues at times. Now, since his mama is an SLP, he has already been informally “evaluated,” and his speech is fairly typical for his age. ![]() But in addition, he is also precious, sweet, snuggly, and all those good things too! And, he, like most 3-year-olds, can be hard to understand at times. I have a wild little 3-year-old guy who is wide-open all the time. Here’s a quick look into my life currently. What is a Phonological Processes Disorder? Immediate access to all my favorite freebies here: In order to do that, we need to know what they look like and what typical development looks like. his greatly supports the need to intervene early to treat phonological processes disorders. ![]() Often times, these children struggle with phonemic awareness and research shows that difficulty in these areas is a strong predictor of poor reading and spelling development. Therefore, children with phonological processes disorder need to learn to organize their sounds into a system in order to use them correctly in connected speech. Phonological processes disorders are actually language-based disorders that occur at the phonemic level. Phonological processes disorders differ from an articulation disorder (a motor-based sound disorder) however, the two can co-occur. Check out my blog post on different therapy approaches here. I’ve talked a bit about phonological processes and ways to treat them in previous posts.
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